The Murray – Darling Basin Agreement: an illustration of the benefits of transboundary water management strategies

Through this cooperation, states are no longer working with their individual ends in mind, but instead work collectively with other states on extensive projects which will benefit the population on a much larger scale, and will sustain itself for a longer period of time

The Rights of Divorced Lesbians: Interstate Recognition of Child Custody Judgments in the Context of Same-Sex Divorce

This Note explores the issue of interstate recognition of child custody, which arises in the context of same-sex divorce. The Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act (PKPA) requires states to grant full faith and credit to all child custody orders; on the other hand, the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) allows states to deny full faith and credit to judgments “arising out of” same-sex marriage. This Note argues that DOMA partially repeals the PKPA, such that states need not grant full faith and credit to divorce and child custody decrees in the context of same-sex marriage. Further, this Note argues that because same-sex divorce does not raise the same concerns as same-sex marriage, sister states should recognize same-sex divorce and custody orders as doing so is in the best interest of the child and supports interstate comity

The UN millennium development goals with respect to water: prospects for achieving them

In September of 2000, the United Nations Millennium Summit produced a set of global goals known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). These goals were set to aide the world in ending poverty and hunger as well as take steps to provide worldwide education and healthcare. This paper specifically examines the affect of Goal 7 / Target 10, improving access to clean water and sanitation facilities – its connection to environmental sustainability, the difficulties of measuring success in each country, as well as the results (as of Spring 2006) of their efforts

Global climate change – a crucial aspect of development planning

Author Amanda J. Harvey examines the effect of global warming on the world. Citing concerns over rising sea levels and storm activity, she requests leaders and planners to work together to develop architecture that will take into account continuous climate change

Effects of El Niño events on energy demand and egg production of rockfish (Scorpaenidae: Sebastes): a bioenergetics approach

Fish bioenergetics models estimate relationships between energy budgets and environmental and physiological variables. This study presents a generic rockfish (Sebastes) bioenergetics model and estimates energy consumption by northern California blue rockf ish (S. mystinus) under average (baseline) and El Niño conditions. Compared to males, female S. mystinus required more energy because they were larger and had greater reproductive costs. When El Niño conditions (warmer temperatures; lower growth, condition, and fecundity) were experienced every 3−7 years, energy consumption decreased on an individual and a per-recruit basis in relation to baseline conditions, but the decrease was minor (<4% at the individual scale, <7% at the per-recruit scale) compared to decreases in female egg production (12−19% at the individual scale, 15−23% at the per-recruit scale). When mortality in per-recruit models was increased by adding fishing, energy consumption in El Niño models grew more similar to that seen in the baseline model. However, egg production decreased significantly — an effect exacerbated by the frequency of El Niño events. Sensitivity analyses showed that energy consumption estimates were most sensitive to respiration parameters, energy density, and female fecundity, and that estimated consumption increased as parameter uncertainty increased. This model provides a means of understanding rockfish trophic ecology in the context of community structure and environmental change by synthesizing metabolic, demographic, and environmental information. Future research should focus on acquiring such information so that models like the bioenergetics model can be used to estimate the effect of climate change, community shifts, and different harvesting strategies on rockfish energy demands